Why do we use units of $/kWh?
We use the units of $/kWh because that is the most common way that battery system costs have been expressed in published material to date. The $/kWh costs we report can be converted to $/kW costs simply by multiplying by the duration (e.g., a $300/kWh, 4-hour battery would have a power capacity cost of $1200/kW).
How do you convert kWh costs to kW costs?
The $/kWh costs we report can be converted to $/kW costs simply by multiplying by the duration (e.g., a $300/kWh, 4-hour battery would have a power capacity cost of $1200/kW). To develop cost projections, storage costs were normalized to their 2022 value such that each projection started with a value of 1 in 2022.
Does battery cost scale with energy capacity?
However, not all components of the battery system cost scale directly with the energy capacity (i.e., kWh) of the system (Ramasamy et al. 2022). For example, the inverter costs scale according to the power capacity (i.e., kW) of the system, and some cost components such as the developer costs can scale with both power and energy.
Are battery storage costs based on long-term planning models?
Battery storage costs have evolved rapidly over the past several years, necessitating an update to storage cost projections used in long-term planning models and other activities. This work documents the development of these projections, which are based on recent publications of storage costs.
Are storage costs normalized to their 2022 value?
To develop cost projections, storage costs were normalized to their 2022 value such that each projection started with a value of 1 in 2022. We chose to use normalized costs rather than absolute costs because systems were not always clearly defined in the publications.
How much does a 4 hour battery system cost?
Figure ES-2 shows the overall capital cost for a 4-hour battery system based on those projections, with storage costs of $245/kWh, $326/kWh, and $403/kWh in 2030 and $159/kWh, $226/kWh, and $348/kWh in 2050.
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