What is the internal resistance of a power supply?
Suppose a power supply had a no-load voltage of 27 volts and a full load voltage of 24 volts at 1.5 amps. On full load, there is 3 volts being dropped across the internal resistance of the power supply and 1.5 amps flowing in it, so the power supply's internal resistance must be (27 volts - 24 volts) / 1.5 amps or 2 ohms.
How does a power supply work?
One way of doing this is by representing the power supply as a perfect voltage source, (an e.m.f.) in series with an internal resistance. When this power supply model is applied to an external circuit, then the circuit current also flows through the internal resistance.
How do you calculate power dissipated by internal resistance?
The power dissipated by the internal resistance, represents the heat generated in the power supply. This is illustrated in the animation below. The terminal voltage (V) is equal to the e.m.f. voltage (E), minus the internal voltage drop (Ir). (using ohms law: internal voltage drop = current (I) x internal resistance (r)).
Why does my power supply consume more than 100W?
As Brian has said, the supply will consume more than 100W due to parasitic resitances, but if you are guarenteed 10A and 10V then the supply was designed with its output resistance in mind (i.e. higher voltage generated internally to account for 10A through output resistance so your circuit still sees 10V out).
What happens when a power supply is applied to an external circuit?
When this power supply model is applied to an external circuit, then the circuit current also flows through the internal resistance. This produces an internal voltage drop inside the power supply, which therefore reduces the voltage across the power supply terminals.
How do you calculate internal resistance?
The internal resistance can be determined, by connecting a circuit of known resistance and measuring the current that flows. I = E/ (R + r). therefore r = (E/I) - R . The power supplied by the e.m.f., is given by P = EI and the power dissipated in the power supply, is given by P = I r.
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8.3: Ohm''s Law
Resistance is defined as inversely proportional to current, or [I propto frac{1}{R} . label{20.3.2}] ... such as those used to support power lines, have resistances of (10^{12} Omega) or more. A dry person may have a hand-to-foot resistance of (10^{5} Omega ), whereas the resistance of the human heart is about (10^{3} Omega ...
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The power dissipated by the internal resistance, represents the heat generated in the power supply. This is illustrated in the animation below. The terminal voltage (V) is equal to the e.m.f. voltage (E), minus the internal voltage drop (Ir).
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the internal resistance of a power supply is a low value to give good load regulation, so to measure it by measuring the change in voltage at varying loads, you will see the biggest voltage drop when you draw the maximum current. That means using the lowest load resistance that will not overload the supply. Mar 13, 2018
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